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The Four Gentlemen, also called the Four Noble Ones, in Chinese art refers to four plants: the plum blossom, the orchid, the chrysanthemum, and the bamboo.〔(Orchids: The Four Gentlemen )〕〔(Symbolism in Brush Painting )〕 The term compares the four plants to Confucianist ''junzi'', or "gentlemen". They are most typically depicted in traditional ink and wash painting and they belong to the category of bird-and-flower painting in Chinese art. The Four Gentlemen have been used in Chinese painting since the time of the Chinese Song Dynasty (960–1279) because of their refined beauty, and were later adopted elsewhere in East Asia by artists in Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. As they represent the four different seasons (the plum blossom for spring, the orchid for summer, the chrysanthemum for autumn, and the bamboo for winter), the four are used to depict the unfolding of the seasons through the year. ==Gallery== File:Orchids, Bamboo and Rock.jpg|''Orchids and Bamboo'' by Zheng Xie, c. 1740 File:Ke Jiusi Bamboo.jpg|''Bamboo at Qingbige Pavilion'' by Ke Jiusi, c. 1338 File:Xian'e Changchun Album 08.jpg|''Chrysanthemums'' from the Xian'e Changchun Album by Giuseppe Castiglione (1688-1766) File:Sun Long and Chen Lu-Plum Blossoms 1.jpg|''Plum Blossoms'' by Sun Long and Chen Lu, early Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Four Gentlemen」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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